What he advocated was somewhat more reasonable than what had been proposed in the party meeting. But given a choice between Burr and Jefferson in the election of 1800, Hamilton had no problem choosing Jefferson. The election of 1800 was one of the most controversial in American history, marked by intrigue, betrayals, and a tie in the electoral college between two candidates who were running mates on the same ticket. The Presidential Election of 1800 On March 4, 1801, Thomas Jefferson delivered his first inaugural address to the American people. [VOTERS] Our partnership? [JEFFERSON] [HAMILTON] [HAMILTON] Jefferson or Burr? [JEFFERSON] "The Election of 1800" If you had to choose You hear this guy? President of the United States was considereda major factorin Adamss defeat. [citation needed]. Please?! Dear Mr. Hamilton: Voting in 1800 took place over a period of months, and the campaign, which was largely fought in the nations partisan press, got really nasty. Hamilton, in an attempt to sabotage Adams in favor of electing the vice . Thirteen years later, in the presidential election of 1800, Hamilton's convictions about the perils of a demagogue ascending to the presidency were put to the test. Ask him a question, it glances off, he obfuscates, he dances John Adams shat the bed. Although the congressional election of 1800 turned over majority control of the House of Representatives to the Democratic-Republicans by 68 seats to 38,[15] the presidential election had to be decided by the outgoing House that had been elected in the congressional election of 1798 (at that time, the new presidential and congressional terms all started on March 4 of the year after a national election). Album Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, and Tennessee chose each of their electors from specially-drawn single-member districts, the results from which are as follows. 1800 Presidential Election. Burr! Burr was accused of campaigning for the presidency himself in the contingent election despite being a member of Jefferson's party. (National Archives Identifier 2668821) Anyone who is a fan of the hit musical Hamilton knows the song "Election of 1800." It depicts an infamous election that ultimately led us to change our Constitution. Electors from each of the 16 states in the Union each cast two votes; the candidate who received the most votes became president, while the runner-up became vice president. They pointed to the recent Alien and Sedition Acts as proof that Federalists would roll back the Bill of Rights at every available opportunity until they could declare Hamilton president-for-life and, from there, King of America. 'In a Choice of EvilsJefferson is in Every View Less Dangerous than Burr': Alexander Hamilton to Harrison Gray Otis on the Deadlocked Presidential Election of 1800." document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Hamilton to Receive Honorary Degree from AlbanyLaw. The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Collaboration, Disagreement, and Democracy. Both parties used congressional nominating caucuses to formally nominate tickets for the first time. [JEFFERSON/MADISON/ENSEMBLE] [ENSEMBLE] Jefferson immediately brought about changes in the presidency and the government. During Washington's presidency, Hamilton had been able to influence the federal response to the Whiskey Rebellion (which threatened the government's power to tax citizens). [JEFFERSON] Dear Mr. Hamilton: your fellow Fed'ralists Would like to know how you'll be voting (It's quiet uptown) The delegations from Vermont and Maryland were split evenly, so they didnt vote. In real life, the sequence of events was more complicated, but the fallout from 1800 certainly played a significant role in the two mens lives. On top of this, the election pitted the "larger than life" Adams and Jefferson, who were formerly close allies turned political enemies. [62], Publicly, Burr remained quiet between mid-December 1800 and mid-February 1801, when the electoral votes were counted. Most Federalists voted for Burr, giving Burr six of the eight states controlled by Federalists. The Democratic-Republicans had a similar plan to have one of their electors cast a vote for another candidate instead of Burr but failed to execute it,[why?] Though public opinion favored Jefferson, many Federalists decided to throw their support to Burr, hoping to keep Jefferson from the nations highest office. Historians wrote that Adams did not lose that badly in the original election, with the musical inflating the size of Jefferson's victory. As the presidential election of 1800 approached, Americans were more divided than ever before. The election of 1800 between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson was an emotional and hard-fought campaign. Miranda, Lin-Manuel (September 25, 2015). If you had to choose Different state legislatures chose different methods:[71]. Well, I'll be damned [ENSEMBLE] The election was a realigning election that ushered in a generation of Republican Party rule and the eventual demise of the Federalist Party . Jefferson or Burr? [HAMILTON] By Dave Kindy. The election was a realigning election that ushered in a generation of Republican Party rule and the eventual demise of the Federalist Party in the First Party System. While Alexander Hamilton was lobbying Federalist delegations to vote for Jefferson, largely for the reasons laid out in the song, it was Representative James Bayard of Delaware who cast the deciding vote to elect Jefferson to the presidency. In April, Burr's mobilization of the vote in New York City succeeded in reversing the Federalist majority in the state legislature to provide decisive support for the Democratic-Republican ticket. 1. November 19, 2012 itshamiltime Aaron Burr, Adam, Alexander Hamilton, Federalist, Hamilton, Jefferson, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson Michael Austin has written an interesting story for History News Network on the presidential election of 1800. 2023 A&E Television Networks, LLC. And they say Im a Francophile? Under the terms laid out in the Constitution, the outgoing House of Representatives chose between Jefferson and Burr. Only the fourth presidential election in United States history, the Election of 1800 proved to be a new low in the young nation's political tug-of-war for power. [MADISON] Yo. Smile more! But there was a problem: At least Republican one elector had been expected to withhold his vote from Burr to allow Jefferson to come out ahead. Virginia switched from electoral districts to winner-take-all, a move that probably switched one or two votes out of the Federalist column. Choose The way it's revealed that the result of the election was a tie . [JEFFERSON] In 1800, Democratic-Republicans only slightly outnumbered Federalists in the state legislaturebut on a raw popular vote count, the Federalists were actually in the lead. Hamilton also wasn't particularly fond of Thomas Jefferson, whose ideas he deemed dangerously democratic and tainted by the politics of revolutionary France. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. And Jefferson PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Hamiltonalso distrusted Adams and had an integral role in ensuring his loss in the Election of 1800by drafting a letter Concerning the Public Conduct and Character of John Adams, Esq. Burr remains optimistic about still being vice president, but Jefferson uses his new power to change the law so the person in second place does not become vice president as he doesn't trust Burr. Previous Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. This put a great deal of power in the hands of one man: Delaware Federalist James A. Bayard, who was the lone representative of his state in 1800. In the United States Presidential election of 1800, sometimes referred to as the "Revolution of 1800," Vice President Thomas Jefferson defeated incumbent president John Adams. Election Coverage; Election Results; I-Team 8; Indiana News; . Alexander Hamilton. National Archives and Records Administration. Congrats on a race well-run "High Federalists" considered Adams too moderate and would have preferred the leadership of Alexander Hamilton instead. [ANOTHER MALE VOTER] This bold yet brief last political act on Hamilton's part eventually wins Jefferson the presidency and sits uneasily with Burr, referenced in "Your Obedient Servant". Smithsonian Magazine has a great pieceexplainingthe deadlock-because of the system in place, Congress had to decide between Jefferson and his running mate Aaron Burr. Chronology Evan . Feb 18. Alexander Hamilton, John Adams, and Charles Pinckney. The election of 1800, between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, was a bitter contest that turned these two friends into enemies, and changed the course of America's election process and the party system as we know it. [3][4], In Chiafalo v. Washington, a case before the Supreme Court of the United States, Justice Elena Kagan alluded to "The Election of 1800" in handing down her decision. [JEFFERSON] Shake hands with him Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story. [JEFFERSON] [6], The campaign was bitter and characterized by slander and personal attacks on both sides. However, there was confusion as to whether or not Burr could simply concede the presidency to Jefferson and become vice-president, or whether he would have been forced to withdraw entirely and allow one of the Federalist candidates to become vice-president, as the Constitution was unclear on the matter. Newspapers are also the main source of voting records in the early 19th century, and frontier states such as Tennessee had few in operation, without any known surviving examples. Briefly review the political climate before the election of 1800, including: . He sought to confirm that as president, Jefferson would leave certain Federalist policies, including Hamiltons financial system, and officeholders in place. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Gift of Henry G. Marquand, 1881, There is no doubt, but that, upon every virtuous and prudent calculation, Jefferson is to be preferred," he wrote to Oliver Wolcott Jr. on December 16. He is by far not so dangerous a man and he has pretensions to character.. To the shock of everyone else, he throws the election to Jefferson. Man openly campaigns against me, talkin' bout, 'I look forward to our partnership" [MADISON & JEFFERSON] The presidential election of 1800 provided Alexander Hamilton, former secretary of the treasury, with a dilemma: a tie between Thomas Jefferson, a man whose principles were in direct opposition to Hamilton's own, and Aaron Burr, a man Hamilton believed to have no principles at all. 3. As Jefferson received the second-most votes in 1796, he was elected vice president. But if you had to choose In fact, Hamilton's involvement in the election of 1800 would be one of Burr's many points of contention against the founding father, which would eventually lead to . At least they know I know where France is! [66] This changed the Maryland and Vermont votes from no selection to Jefferson, giving him the votes of 10 states and the presidency. Burr! "Hamilton's strange behavior in 1800 loomed large in Adams' defeat," historian John Ferling writes. Well, I'll be damned 30 seconds . Eight votes were cast in Maryland for electors pledged to both John Adams and Thomas Jefferson; two votes were cast for electors of unknown affiliation. James Asheton Bayard, Federalist member of Congress from Delaware from 1797-1803. [HAMILTON] 'Cuz I'm the President On February 17, on the 36th ballot, Bayard changed his vote from Burr to no selection,[4] joined by his allies in Maryland and Vermont. Jefferson or Burr? However, Hamilton's plan backfired and hurt the Federalist party, particularly after one of his letters, a scathing criticism of Adams that was fifty-four pages long,[13] fell into the hands of a Democratic-Republican and soon after became public. WATCH: "The Founding Fathers" on HISTORY Vault. Is there anything you wouldn't do? With no clear winner emerging, the nation hovered on the brink of chaos. The Election of 1800: Revolutionary Stability Duration: 90 min Overview This lesson is a combination of a few different approaches: students will study primary writings of Jefferson and Adams, examine a range of online documents and images in a DBQ format, and explore historical interpretations through the use of scholarly texts. [JEFFERSON/MADISON/ENSEMBLE] The election was featured in the HBO miniseries John Adams. [Intro: Thomas Jefferson, (Ensemble)] The Election of 1800! You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. [EVEN MORE VOTERS] Neither Burr nor Jefferson was able to win on the first 35 ballots of the contingent election, as most Federalist representatives backed Burr and all Democratic-Republican representatives backed Jefferson. Production So now Im facing 2. Hamilton lobbied against Burr, but another federalist cast the deciding vote for Thomas Jefferson. Map illustrates votes, by state, in the US Presidential election of 1800, broken down as votes for Aaron Burr, Thomas Jefferson, or 'Blank Ballot'. . On the Federalist side Adams ran with Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, while Jefferson's running mate was Aaron Burr. The complete returns for Kentucky appear to have been lost. 2nd President, Known for Alien and Sedition Act. All Rights Reserved. Jefferson or Burr? Who is it? Write one way that the song is similar to Hamilton's letter. In the 1800 electiona drawn-out battle between two starkly different visions of Americas futureit would cause an outright constitutional crisis. Tags: Question 11 . Look for further sources on the election of 1800 in the Thomas Jefferson Portal.----- Bitter rivalries, character assassinations, an electoral deadlock and a tie-breaking vote in the House of Representatives the Election of 1800 had it all. Well, I'll be damned [JEFFERSON] The differences between this and the Broadway version include: Jefferson and Madison's verse in the beginning is slightly extended. Jefferson or Burr? Oh! It's a tie! In Georgia, Democratic-Republican legislators replaced the popular vote with selection by the state legislature. That year, a fellow New Yorker, Aaron Burr, tied Thomas Jefferson 73-73 in the electoral college vote for president. The presidential election of 1800 was the first truly disputed election in our nation's history, and became a defining event in shaping the United States Constitution. Presidential Election of 1800: A Resource Guide. Im going door to door! Retrieved February 15, 2018. In love with France! The election was finally over. It's quiet uptown, [MEN] . Hamilton stated: Mr. Jefferson, though too revolutionary in his notions, is yet a lover of liberty and will be desirous of something like orderly Government.Mr. in large part because noted Federalist Alexander Hamilton campaigned heavily for him, preferring an ideological rival to the deeply flawed Burr), In 1798, George Washington had complained "that you could as soon scrub the blackamoor white, as to change the principles of a professed Democrat; and that he will leave nothing unattempted to overturn the Government of this Country". Complete your free account to request a guide. [2][3][4], While Madison tells Jefferson near the end of the song that Jefferson won the election in a landslide, the Tampa Bay Times points out that this was not the case. Over a decade after retiring from the presidency, Thomas Jefferson described his own election as the "revolution of 1800.". Pinckney had fought in the American Revolutionary War and later served as the minister to France. Burrs desire to be a part of history, talking less and smiling more, now leaves him without any honor or allies. Contra the musical, though, it wasn't the election of 1800 that led to Burr's duel with Hamilton. [MADISON] Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, Aaron Burr & Alexander Hamilton Though he disagreed with Jefferson on nearly every political issue, he thought Burr had few principles beyond his own ambition. You won in a landslide In the election of 1800, the Federalist incumbent John Adams ran against the rising Republican Thomas Jefferson. Many Federalists saw Jefferson as the ultimate enemy and were pushing for a Burr presidency. Every action has an equal, opposite reaction How did the United States arrive at this critical juncture? 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